Do you know? What is Fistula? Hear the Word - Fistula
You are on the right page if you are seeking information about fistulas and their treatment options. In India, 1 in 10 people experiences problems related to anorectal issues, but unfortunately, not many are aware of the condition, available treatment options, and the potential complications that may arise if treatment is delayed. Dr. Samrat Jankar, a renowned Fistula specialist based in Pune, India, aims to provide comprehensive insights into anal fistulas, including their definition, diagnosis, treatment methods, and more. This dedicated website was created to offer you complete information about fistulas, empowering you to make informed decisions about your health.
What is Anal Fistula?
An anal fistula is a common condition that affects people of all ages and genders. An anal fistula can be described as a narrow tunnel with its internal opening in the anal canal and its external opening in the skin near the anus. It discharges blood mixed with foul-smelling pus staining the undergarments of the patient. Fistula either results from a ruptured abscess or a surgically drained peri-anal abscess in 50% of people However, a fistula can also occur without an abscess. Over time, the abscess can break through the skin and form a passage or tunnel, known as a fistula. Anal fistulas can cause pain, discomfort, and discharge. Fistulas is also called “Bhangadar” in Marathi and Hindi.
How a fistula in ano is formed?
- Stage 1: Anal abscess: The process usually begins with an anal abscess, which is caused by an infection in the glands located inside the anus. These glands secrete mucus to help with bowel movements, but if they become blocked, bacteria can accumulate, leading to an infection.
- Stage 2: Pus accumulation: As the infection progresses, pus starts to build up within the anal gland, creating a pocket of infected material. The abscess can cause severe pain, swelling, redness, and sometimes fever.
- Stage 3: Spontaneous/surgical drainage: In many cases, the abscess eventually reaches a point where it bursts or drains on its own, seeking the path of least resistance or get drained by surgeon by surgery. This can happen either through the skin around the anus or through the rectum, providing some relief to the patient.
- Stage 4: Formation of a fistula: After the abscess drains, a small tunnel or tract can remain, connecting the infected anal gland to the skin or the rectum. This tunnel is what’s known as a fistula in ano. It forms as a remnant of the previous infection’s path. It’s important to note that all abscess won’t turn into fistula few get rid with just drainage only.
- Stage 5: Recurring cycle: Fistulas in ano tend to be chronic, as the infection can continue to flare up, leading to repeated abscess formations and subsequent drainage. The cycle of infection and healing can continue unless the fistula is adequately treated.
